Thermal buckling and damping characteristics of fiber reinforced laminated plates with viscoelastic layers were studied.The kinematic equation of the structure was derived by using the classical Von Karman lamination theory and the Hamilton's principle.The formulas for solving the critical thermal buckling temperature were obtained.By solving the eigenvalue problem, the natural frequency and damping ratio were obtained.The effect of viscoelastic layer thickness and paving patterns on the damping ratio of the structure under constant temperature was analyzed.And the effect of viscoelastic layer thickness and different paving patterns on the thermal buckling behavior of the structure under uniform and non-uniform temperature field was also studied.The effect of non-uniform temperature distribution on the thermal buckling behavior and damping ratio of the structure was emphatically analyzed.The numerical results show when the thickness of the elastic layers is constant, regardless of the uniform temperature field or nonuniform temperature field, the critical thermal buckling temperature of the laminated panels with viscoelastic layers increases with the increase of viscoelastic layer thickness.The damping ratio of the structure under constant temperature increases with the increase of viscoelastic layer thickness.In addition to paving pattern and ply angle, the temperature distribution of the structure also greatly affects the critical thermal buckling temperature, non-dimensional natural frequencies and damping ratio.