Sodium carboxylate of glyceryl monooleate succinic acid monoester was synthesized by esterification of glyceryl monooleate with maleic anhydride and subsequent neutralization with sodium bicarbonate solution.The esterification reaction parameters with sodium propionate catalyst were optimized in terms of the acid value of the prepared product via single factor variable experiment method.The optimum operating conditions were as follows:maleic anhydride/glyceryl monooleate molar ratio 2∶1, reaction time 1 h, reaction temperature 90 ℃, and catalyst loading10% (with respect to glyceryl monooleate) .The synthesized surfactant shows good surface active properties:at 25 ℃, its critical micelle concentration ccmcis 1.37×10-4 mol/L and the corresponding surface tension (γcmc) is 33.9 mN/m;the saturated adsorption (Γmax) is 2.52×10-10 mol/cm2, average areas on the saturated adsorption layer (Amin) is 0.66 nm2, efficiency factor for reducing surface tension (p (c20) ) is 4.41, its foaming volume is 300 mL and the foam stability is96.7%;stable time of emulsified liquid could reach 144.5 s.With increasing temperature, ccmc, γcmcandΓmaxshow the downward tendency, Aminand p (c20) show the tendency of increase, the foaming property is enhanced.