【Purposes】 To achieve stable and efficient energy storage in the new elastic potential energy storage system, it is first necessary to establish an accurate mathematical model to reveal the operating characteristics of the energy storage box, and complete the calculation and configuration model of its capacity and power; Second, a strong robust control algorithm is needed to achieve the fast torque response while effectively suppressing disturbances. 【Methods】 In this paper, an accurate mathematical model of the energy storage system was established. Combined with the backstepping control algorithm, the direct torque adaptive control method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is designed, and a new robust control strategy for the energy storage process of the elastic potential energy storage system is formed. 【Conclusions】 Through experiments, it has been proven that this control strategy has a fast torque response speed and can quickly match the rapidly increasing reverse torque of the energy storage box with minimal pulsation. At the same time, it can effectively restrain the unique moment of inertia parameter disturbance of the energy storage system, and then achieve stable and efficient energy storage.