With the help of finite difference software FLAC(3 D), relying on the shield tunnel project of Yingze Lake section under the Shuangta West Street-Dananmen Station of Line 2 of Taiyuan Metro, based on fluid-solid coupling theory, the water depths of 5 m, 10 m, 20 m and 30 m were established respectively, the three-dimensional calculation model of fluid-structure coupling of section tunnels was used to compare and analyze the ground settlement values, pore water pressure distribution of surrounding rocks and the stress of the segments after the excavation of the shield tunnel at four lake depths. The results of the study show that, the surface settlement and horizontal displacement of the lake bottom increase with the depth of the lake; the pore water pressure around the tunnel decreases significantly with the excavation of the shield tunnel under various operating conditions; the hydraulic slope falls on the top of the tunnel arch, the sides of the arch sill are significantly increased, making the tunnel vault and the sides of the arch sill prone to water inrush accidents; the internal force of the segment under the fluid-solid coupling effect is positively related to the water depth, the size of the overlying water depth should be considered in the design.