Magnesium alloys are widely used in advanced equipment fields such as 3 C, aerospace, and other fields owing to their high specific strength, good damping, and good electromagnetic shielding properties. However, the rolling process can refine the as-cast structure while improving production efficiency. Longitudinal rolling of magnesium alloy tube has the characteristics of 3 D non-linear multi-field coupling, and the mandrel and roll temperature seriously affect the forming quality of the tube. Under the condition of initial rolling temperature of 350 ℃, strain rate of 0.05 s-1 and constant reduction, the simulation and experimental study of short-flow continual mandrel rolling compact(CMRC) of Φ50 mm×5 mm×1 000 mm magnesium alloy tube were carried out. The results show that the mandrel and roll temperature have a significant effect on the roll formability of magnesium alloy tube. When the mandrel temperature and the roll temperature are 20 ℃ and 300 ℃, respectively, the surface damage of the tube after rolling is severe. When the temperature is 20 ℃, micro-cracks appear on the surface of the magnesium alloy tube after rolling; when the temperature is 300 ℃, the surface of the tube after rolling shows strip-like protrusions along the rolling direction. When the mandrel and the roll temperatures are both 150 ℃, the inner and outer surfaces of the magnesium alloy tube after rolling are high in smoothness and the crystal grains are fine and uniform.