In recent years, with the continuous development of artificial intelligence and machine vision technology, computer-assisted technology has increasingly affected the medical field, providing important support means for the development and promotion of informatization, digitization, and standardization of traditional Chinese medicine. In order to facilitate a further and effective exploration of the application of image processing technology in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, the relevant research progress is systematically reviewed. First of all, starting from the development and application of image processing technology, the main research and application directions of image processing technology in the field of image processing in Chinese medicine are clarified, and they are based on the three modules: traditional Chinese medicine inspection, identification of Chinese medicinal materials, and digital meridian three-dimensional reconstruction and visualization. The various research sub-categories in the modules are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of traditional and deep learning algorithms in the field of TCM image processing are shown, as well as the problems and challenges they face. Second, the main problems facing by the field of TCM image intelligent processing at this stage is summarized, and an outlook on the future research direction is made. Although TCM intelligent image processing and analysis based on computer image processing technology have achieved a series of meaningful research results, it is still necessary to sort out a unified, standard, and well-labeled TCM image dataset according to the actual clinical needs. Combining artificial intelligence with classic digital image processing algorithms and non-invasive and efficient multi-modal TCM four-diagnosis data, it truly realizes the informatization and intelligentization of TCM diagnosis and treatment technology.